Dry Skin

DRY SKIN, medically called xerosis, is a source of discomfort and a frequent cause of itching. It is most common in the cooler climates, especially during the winter months. Many people call this the "winter itch." The predisposition for dry skin is both genetic and environmental. Exacerbating factors include frequent bathing, hot water, harsh soaps, irritating clothing, friction, cold air, low humidity and central heating.

The structure of the skin is analogous to a "brick wall." The base of the "brick wall" contains dividing cells that migrate from the base to the top. In young healthy skin, the cells at the base divide rapidly and are readily exfoliated (sloughed) in the upper layers of the skin. In sun damaged older skin, there is less cellular division and subsequently less exfoliation. Sun damage also affects the oil glands causing less lubrication of the skin. This is seen as dry, rough, scaly skin. Sometimes irritation is present and a red itchy rash can result.

Successful treatment is accomplished by identifying exacerbating factors and changing bathing habits. Liberal use of moisturizers and occasionally a non-steroid anti-inflammatory cream or cortisone preparation may be necessary to decrease the skin irritation and inflammation before the healing process can take place.